Which type of government is described as being based on the consent of the people while protecting individual rights?

The type of government that is based on the consent of the people while protecting individual rights is a liberal democracy. In a liberal democracy, the framework is established to ensure that the power of the government is derived from the will of the citizens through free and fair elections. Essential to this form of governance is the protection of individual rights, such as freedom of speech, religion, and assembly, as well as the rule of law. These rights are typically enshrined in a constitution or similar legal document, ensuring that the government remains accountable to its citizens and does not infringe upon personal freedoms.

This democratic system promotes active participation of the populace in political processes and fosters a culture of rights and freedoms that are vital for the protection of individuals within society.