What is the term used for research that is based on direct observation or experiments?

Empirical research is defined as the type of research that is based on direct observation, experimentation, or evidence gathered from real-world experiences. This approach emphasizes the importance of data collection through observable phenomena and measurable outcomes, which is crucial in generating reliable and valid conclusions.

In empirical research, researchers engage directly with the subject matter to form hypotheses and test them against the evidence they gather. This process fosters a rigorous evaluation of theories and allows for the replication of studies, which strengthens the findings and contributes to a deeper understanding of the topic being investigated.

By relying on observable data, empirical research distinguishes itself from other forms of research that may rely more heavily on opinion, speculation, or theoretical frameworks. This makes it essential in scientific studies and fields that prioritize evidence-based practices, particularly in education, medicine, and the social sciences.