What is the term for the art and science of mapmaking?

The correct term for the art and science of mapmaking is cartography. Cartography involves not only the creation of maps but also the study of how to represent geographic information effectively. It encompasses various aspects, including the design, production, and interpretation of maps. Cartographers use techniques from both the art of visual representation and the science of geographic data analysis to convey spatial information clearly and accurately. This discipline is essential for navigation, geographical education, and various applications in fields such as urban planning and environmental studies.

Geography refers to the broader study of the Earth's landscapes, environments, and the relationships between people and their environments. Topography specifically focuses on the detailed and precise features of the terrain in a particular area, including elevation and landforms, but it does not encompass the broader scope of mapmaking. Chronology deals with the arrangement of events in time and is unrelated to the field of mapmaking.