In which type of projection are meridians depicted as equally spaced vertical lines?

A cylindrical projection is the correct answer because it is a method of projecting the Earth's three-dimensional surface onto a two-dimensional plane in a way that maintains the straight-line distance and direction between points along the equator. In this type of projection, meridians—lines of longitude—are represented as equally spaced vertical lines, while parallels of latitude are drawn as horizontal lines. This creates a rectangular grid that allows for easier navigation and is very useful for mapping equatorial regions.

In contrast, a conical projection typically represents the Earth’s surface on a cone that is then unwrapped into a flat plane. In this format, meridians converge towards the pole and are not equally spaced. Azimuthal projections project points on the Earth's surface onto a plane from a specific point, usually maintaining accurate distances from that central point but distorting areas further away. Stereographic projections, which are a specific type of azimuthal projection, depict the sphere as if viewed from a certain point on the surface, leading to a different arrangement of lines.

Understanding the properties of these projections helps in selecting the right type when it comes to specific mapping purposes and effectively illustrates the geometry of the Earth's surface.